Last date for submission of paper: unknown; Contact person: unknown; The presentation discusses the transnational phenomenon of the tubercular Jewish writers in the first decades of the twentieth century by examining the consequences of tuberculosis in both their lives and literature. Sholem Aleichem, whose work would be adapted into Fiddler on the Roof, sought relief for his ailing lungs in Nervi, Italy, around the same time that the Yiddish poet Lune Mattes entered a sanatorium for indigent Jews in Denver, Colorado. There, Mattes began his literary career by drawing on the financial and creative resources of the institution. While Mattes remains all but forgotten in contemporary discussions of American Jewish writing, his experience, alongside that of Sholem Aleichem, sheds light on how a tubercular diagnosis shaped the development of Yiddish writers